Erbil History

Erbil is one of the cities of Kurdistan, located in northern Iraq or southern Kurdistan. This is because the northern part of Kurdistan is within Turkey's territory, the east is in Iran, and the west is in Syria, due to the division of Kurdistan among these four countries. Erbil is situated between latitude lines (35-37) and longitude lines (43-45), between the Small Zab and Great Zab rivers.
The city's borders are:
North: Dohuk city and Turkey
South: Kirkuk city
East: Sulaymaniyah city and Iran
West: Mosul city
The highest point in the city is the Citadel, which reaches 414 meters above sea level. Erbil separates the mountainous and plain areas. From the north, it has many mountains such as Safin, Handren, Kurek, and Hasarost. In the south, it has a wide and extensive plain where wheat and barley are grown annually.

Erbil has long been a commercial connection point between Kurdish cities and cities like Mosul and Baghdad. Besides being the summer capital of Iraq, Erbil is today not only the capital of the Kurdistan Region but also the economic capital of Iraq, which is why Kurdistan is known as the economic gateway of Iraq.
Due to its stable conditions, Erbil is a strong commercial center with numerous local, regional, and global companies operating at the Iraqi level. Annually, more than 15 international and specialized exhibitions are held with the participation of hundreds of global companies.
Erbil has favorable conditions for agricultural and industrial work. It is renowned for wheat and barley cultivation and is first in Iraq in livestock breeding and animal product quality. Its mountainous areas are famous for producing grapes, pomegranates, almonds, figs, apples, and walnuts. Hundreds of industrial factories exist in the city.
Erbil is a commercial hub for all of Iraq, from where products from foreign countries are distributed throughout Iraq. Several car import companies and international company exhibitions like Nissan, Toyota, Chevrolet, and Skoda are present in the city.
Generally, the city's people are engaged in agriculture, industry, commerce, and tourism, with a significant portion also working in government institutions.

Erbil, the capital of the Kurdistan Region, is a significant historical and tourist city that attracts many domestic and international tourists. This ancient city of Kurdistan has become an important tourist destination due to its unique historical, cultural, and natural characteristics.
The Erbil Citadel, as the central point of the city, is a fascinating tourist attraction. This citadel has a history spanning over a thousand years and is seen as a living museum of Kurdish culture. Tourists can deeply explore Kurdish history and culture by visiting this site.
Naturally, Erbil is rich in captivating locations. The surrounding areas, with the Zagros Mountains and plains filled with trees and vegetation, offer a beautiful natural landscape. Public parks like Sami Abdulrahman Park, Shanidar Park, and the City Garden are ideal spots for tourists to relax.
Culturally and religiously, Erbil has tremendous diversity. Mosques, churches, museums, and the old city areas all bear witness to the cultural richness of this region. Tourists can explore these locations and experience Kurdish culture up close.
In terms of food and restaurants, Erbil is known for its unique local cuisine. Kurdish restaurants, modern cafeterias, and the city's large bazaar all provide a special experience for tourists.
Most importantly, Erbil is not just a place to see, but a place to live and understand. Tourists can experience an unparalleled journey through Kurdish culture, history, nature, and hospitality.